Digital Audio on the ZX Spectrum's 1-Bit Beeper
Developers have demonstrated that the ZX Spectrum’s single‑bit beeper can be repurposed to play digital audio. By rapidly toggling the speaker output and encoding sound samples as pulse‑width modulated data, the system can reproduce recognizable music and effects despite its original design for simple tones. The technique showcases creative hardware hacking on vintage computers today for hobbyists.